The Ombudsman may help in cases where republic, city or municipal authority bodies or other executive bodies and organizations performing public services, in proceedings conducted on the request of a citizen or out of duty (ex officio), do the following:

- fail to follow the prescribed procedure,
- fail to finish the procedure within the reasonable time limits,
- wrongfully implement laws and other regulations, damaging a citizen such way,
- does not implement adopted laws,
- withhold requested information.

The Ombudsman may investigate cases involving human rights violations committed by military authorities, intelligence  and secret services, as well as the cases of deprivation of freedom (police, prisons).

The Ombudsman may investigate cases of poor functioning of judicial system and may intervene in cases of violation of the right to a trial within the reasonable time frame by the judicial bodies (unjustified long proceedings) or lack of implementation of the court decisions.

The Ombudsman may refer a case to the Constitutional Court of Republika Srpska.

The Ombudsman is authorized to recommend individual or general measures or both after its investigation and establishing the facts.